See aren on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"aren",
"aren#Middle_English"
],
[
"earon",
"earon#Old_English"
],
[
"earun",
"earun#Old_English"
],
[
"bēon",
"beon#Old_English"
],
[
"are",
"are#English"
],
[
"-en",
"-en#English:_plural_present"
],
[
"are",
"are#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "aren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English aren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "earon"
},
"expansion": "Old English earon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēon",
"t": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēon (“to be”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "are",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "plural present"
},
"expansion": "are + -en",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English aren, from Old English earon, earun, present plural indicative of Old English bēon (“to be”). Equivalent to are + -en. More at are.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
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],
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 32 32",
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},
{
"_dis": "34 33 33",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
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{
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],
"glosses": [
"first-person plural simple present of be"
],
"id": "en-aren-en-verb-QAoGM7Wt",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal) first-person plural simple present of be"
],
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"first-person",
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"obsolete",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 11 11 19 1 13 6 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"ref": "2007, Theresa Kishkan, Phantom Limb, page 154:",
"text": "“Ye're not Irish, aren ye?” “No, we're from Canada.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "be"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person plural simple present of be"
],
"id": "en-aren-en-verb-CIjjTDs5",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal) second-person plural simple present of be"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"form-of",
"obsolete",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 13 11 11 18 2 13 6 18 2",
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"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 11 11 19 1 13 6 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "be"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural simple present of be"
],
"id": "en-aren-en-verb-sZ3fUkaf",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal) third-person plural simple present of be"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"form-of",
"obsolete",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "njo-conj-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "maren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "renogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "merenogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "arener",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "marener",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rendar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "rendagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "merendar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "merendagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "arentsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "marentsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "renang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "taren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "rena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "mereni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "renrabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "merenra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "merenrabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo-jgl",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "njo-conj-c"
}
],
"lang": "Chungli Ao",
"lang_code": "njo-jgl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chungli Ao entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "renlok"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to increase in number"
],
"id": "en-aren-njo-jgl-verb-PYnifFNg",
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "areny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arenů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arenům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "areny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "areny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arenech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arenem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "areny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "aren m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Organic chemistry",
"orig": "cs:Organic chemistry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arene"
],
"id": "en-aren-cs-noun-VGF6aKC1",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"arene",
"arene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) arene"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈarɛn]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈarɛːn]"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "aren c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of ar"
],
"id": "en-aren-da-noun-5PtJufBa",
"links": [
[
"ar",
"ar#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "aar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of aar"
],
"id": "en-aren-nl-noun-G5OMguok",
"links": [
[
"aar",
"aar#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "are"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of are"
],
"id": "en-aren-nl-noun-x3NG86Iu",
"links": [
[
"are",
"are#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-aren.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/Nl-aren.ogg/Nl-aren.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Nl-aren.ogg"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 2 13 11 11 18 2 13 6 18 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 11 11 19 1 13 6 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "arar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of arar:",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-aren-gl-verb-urVv05H3",
"links": [
[
"arar",
"arar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "arar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of arar:",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-aren-gl-verb-2tynQsFv",
"links": [
[
"arar",
"arar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"aren",
"aren#Malay"
],
[
"ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀",
"ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese"
],
[
"haryan",
"haryan#Old_Javanese"
],
[
"aryan",
"aryan#Old_Javanese"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "aren",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Malay aren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "aren"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Malay aren",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀",
"tr": "arèn"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀ (arèn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kaw",
"3": "haryan"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese haryan",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Malay aren, from Javanese ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀ (arèn), from Old Javanese haryan, aryan (“areca palm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arèn",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "aren-aren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "arèn"
},
"expansion": "arèn (plural aren-aren)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧ren"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"a‧ren"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aren late"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sugar palm, areng palm, aren palm, arengga palm, black sugar palm, or kaong palm (Arenga pinnata)"
],
"id": "en-aren-id-noun-moc5nJ7M",
"links": [
[
"sugar palm",
"sugar palm"
],
[
"Arenga pinnata",
"Arenga pinnata#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "enau"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈarɛn/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.rɛn]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-arɛn"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀",
"ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese"
],
[
"haryan",
"haryan#Old_Javanese"
],
[
"aryan",
"aryan#Old_Javanese"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀",
"tr": "arèn"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀ (arèn)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "kaw",
"3": "haryan"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese haryan",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦫꦺꦤ꧀ (arèn), from Old Javanese haryan, aryan (“areca palm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ارين",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "aren-aren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aren²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ارين"
},
"expansion": "aren (Jawi spelling ارين, plural aren-aren or aren²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gula aren"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sugar palm (Arenga pinnata)"
],
"id": "en-aren-ms-noun-XiPC42xK",
"links": [
[
"sugar palm",
"sugar palm"
],
[
"Arenga pinnata",
"Arenga pinnata#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "enau"
},
{
"word": "kabung"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.rɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ren"
},
{
"rhymes": "-en"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "are"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "are"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*arun",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arun"
],
[
"earon",
"earon#Old_English"
],
[
"earon",
"earon#Old_English"
],
[
"earun",
"earun#Old_English"
],
[
"aron",
"aron#Old_English"
],
[
"wesan",
"wesan#Old_English"
],
[
"*arun",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arun"
],
[
"*beuną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuną"
],
[
"are",
"are#English:_be"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:earon<ety:inh<gem-pro:*arun<unc>>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *arun?\nOld English earon\nMiddle English aren\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"earon\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"aren\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"aren\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "earon"
},
"expansion": "Old English earon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*arun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "are",
"id": "be"
},
"expansion": "English are",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *arun?\nOld English earon\nMiddle English aren\nFrom Old English earon, earun, aron, alternative present plural of wesan (“to be”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *arun, an innovated third-person present plural of *beuną (“to be, become”). See the etymology of English are.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "are",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 2 13 11 11 18 2 13 6 18 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 11 11 19 1 13 6 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "been"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural present indicative of been"
],
"id": "en-aren-enm-verb-cIvwEK~M",
"links": [
[
"been",
"been#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaːrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈarən/"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "oren"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ormulum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of oren"
],
"id": "en-aren-enm-verb-pNOnxjJD",
"links": [
[
"oren",
"oren#Middle_English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ormulum) alternative form of oren"
],
"tags": [
"Ormulum",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*Heh₃ln",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/Heh₃l-"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Heh₃l-",
"4": "*Heh₃ln"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃ln",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃ln.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "aren f",
"name": "kmr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "kmr",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "kmr:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elbow"
],
"id": "en-aren-kmr-noun-boXr50WD",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"elbow",
"elbow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) elbow"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "enîşk"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 2 13 11 11 18 2 13 6 18 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 11 11 19 1 13 6 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "arar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of arar:",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-aren-es-verb-urVv05H3",
"links": [
[
"arar",
"arar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "arar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of arar:",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-aren-es-verb-2tynQsFv",
"links": [
[
"arar",
"arar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite plural of ar"
],
"id": "en-aren-sv-noun-Un7bSA-0",
"links": [
[
"ar",
"ar#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"arenn",
"arenn#Middle_Welsh"
],
[
"*ārū",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ārū"
],
[
"áru",
"áru#Old_Irish"
],
[
"rēn",
"ren#Latin"
],
[
"āriñc",
"āriñc#Tocharian_A"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "arenn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh arenn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "arenn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Welsh arenn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ārū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ārū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "áru"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish áru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "ḫaḫri-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [Term?] (/ḫaḫri-/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rēn"
},
"expansion": "Latin rēn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āriñc",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Welsh arenn, from Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Old Irish áru and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [Term?] (/ḫaḫri-/), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "haren",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "arennau"
},
"expansion": "aren f (plural arennau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "cy:Organs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "suprarenal, adrenal",
"translation": "suprarenal, adrenal",
"word": "uwcharennol"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kidney"
],
"id": "en-aren-cy-noun-HfH8w8ta",
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "elwlen"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈarɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaːrɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈarɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-arɛn"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "aren"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "arenn"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ārū",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ārū"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*arenā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *arenā",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*arenos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *arenos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pre-Proto-Brythonic *arenā, rebuilt ā-stem from Proto-Celtic *arenos, genitive singular of *ārū (“kidney”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*aren f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/aren",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Brythonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kidney"
],
"id": "en-aren-cel-bry-pro-noun-HfH8w8ta",
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "renlok"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "njo-conj-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "maren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "renogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "merenogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "arener",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "marener",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rendar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "rendagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "merendar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "merendagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "arentsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "marentsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "renang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "taren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "rena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "mereni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "renrabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "merenra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "merenrabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo-jgl",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "njo-conj-c"
}
],
"lang": "Chungli Ao",
"lang_code": "njo-jgl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chungli Ao entries with incorrect language header",
"Chungli Ao lemmas",
"Chungli Ao verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to increase in number"
],
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "areny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arenů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arenům",
"source": "declension",
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},
{
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{
"form": "areny",
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{
"form": "arenu",
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"locative",
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},
{
"form": "arenech",
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"locative",
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},
{
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"tags": [
"instrumental",
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"form": "areny",
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],
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[
18,
22
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[
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{
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[
"haryan",
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"expansion": "I",
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"sort": "",
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},
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{
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],
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"form": "arèn",
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},
{
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{
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],
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"form": "ارين",
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},
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},
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{
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{
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arun"
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[
"earon",
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[
"earon",
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[
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[
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[
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"args": {
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],
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},
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{
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],
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],
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"word": "been"
}
],
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[
"been",
"been#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ˈaːrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈarən/"
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],
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}
{
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{
"alt_of": [
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}
],
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],
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}
],
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{
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]
],
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"name": "inh"
}
],
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
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],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
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{
"categories": [
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"anatomy",
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[
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"elbow"
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],
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"topics": [
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"medicine",
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],
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{
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],
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}
{
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"descendants": [
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],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ārū",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ārū"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*arenā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *arenā",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*arenos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *arenos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pre-Proto-Brythonic *arenā, rebuilt ā-stem from Proto-Celtic *arenos, genitive singular of *ārū (“kidney”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*aren f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/aren",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Brythonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Brythonic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Brythonic lemmas",
"Proto-Brythonic nouns",
"Proto-Brythonic terms derived from Proto-Celtic"
],
"glosses": [
"kidney"
],
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "arar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of arar:",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"arar",
"arar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "arar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of arar:",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"arar",
"arar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "aren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite plural of ar"
],
"links": [
[
"ar",
"ar#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "suprarenal, adrenal",
"translation": "suprarenal, adrenal",
"word": "uwcharennol"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"arenn",
"arenn#Middle_Welsh"
],
[
"*ārū",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ārū"
],
[
"áru",
"áru#Old_Irish"
],
[
"rēn",
"ren#Latin"
],
[
"āriñc",
"āriñc#Tocharian_A"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "arenn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh arenn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "arenn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Welsh arenn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ārū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ārū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "áru"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish áru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "ḫaḫri-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [Term?] (/ḫaḫri-/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rēn"
},
"expansion": "Latin rēn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āriñc",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Welsh arenn, from Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Old Irish áru and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [Term?] (/ḫaḫri-/), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aren",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "haren",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "arennau"
},
"expansion": "aren f (plural arennau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hittite term requests",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/arɛn",
"Rhymes:Welsh/arɛn/2 syllables",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Organs"
],
"glosses": [
"kidney"
],
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "elwlen"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈarɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaːrɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈarɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-arɛn"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for aren meaning in All languages combined (23.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Future/infinitive'",
"path": [
"aren"
],
"section": "Chungli Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "aren",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: aren/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"aren"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aren",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: aren/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"aren"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aren",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.